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A Bacterial Enzyme Catalyzing Double Reduction of a β,δ-Diketo Ester with Unprecedented Stereoselectivity Nature Precedings
Xuri Wu; Nan Liu; Yunmian He; Yijun Chen.
Various ketoreductases exclusively participate in all common biological events, and they are a class of important biocatalysts for the production of chiral alcohols. While many types of ketoreductase have been extensively studied and their functions, properties and utilities have been well known, the capability of stereoselectively reducing two carbonyl groups in the same diketohexanoate ester molecule to form a dihydroxy product by a single ketoreductase has not been evidently characterized. Here we show that a unique and novel enzyme, diketoreductase, was cloned from Acinetobacter baylyi, heterogeneously expressed in _Escherichia coli_ and purified to homogeneity. The diketoreductase is up to 78% homologous to bacterial 3-hydroxyacyl coenzyme-A...
Tipo: Manuscript Palavras-chave: Biotechnology; Chemistry; Microbiology.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/1697/version/2
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A benefit cost analysis on management strategies for Queensland Fruit Fly: methods and observations AgEcon
Harvey, Sallyann; Fisher, Bill; Larson, Kristoffer; Malcolm, Bill.
The Queensland Fruit Fly (QFF) — Bactrocera tryoni — poses a significant threat to horticultural production in Victoria causing losses of fruit and jeopardising access to interstate and international markets. The Victorian Government implements and largely funds an area freedom program to manage QFF. Concern about the record number of outbreaks in 2007-08 and the escalating costs of maintaining the current management regime, led the Victorian Department of Primary Industries to review the program to identify improved strategies for managing QFF. As part of this work, a benefit cost analysis (BCA) of alternative strategies has been conducted. While the BCA method is well established, in general few studies are publicly available for area freedom programs....
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: International Relations/Trade.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/59740
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A bestiary of non-linear functions for growth analysis Nature Precedings
C. E. Timothy Paine; Toby Marthews; Deborah Vogt; Drew Purves; Mark Rees; Andy Hector; Lindsay Turnbull.
Plant growth is an essential ecological process, integrating across scales from physiology to community dynamics. Predicting the growth of plants is essential to understand a wide range of ecological issues, including competition, plant-herbivore interactions and ecosystem functioning.
A challenge in modeling plant growth is that growth rates almost universally decrease with increasing size, for a variety of reasons. Traditional analyses of growth are hampered by the need to remain within the structures of linear models, which handle this slowing poorly. We demonstrate the implementation of a variety of non-linear models that are more appropriate for modeling plant growth than are the traditional, linear,...
Tipo: Presentation Palavras-chave: Ecology; Plant Biology.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://precedings.nature.com/documents/5257/version/1
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A better nitrogen use to improve organic wheat production Organic Eprints
Doltra, Jordi.
Different crop management strategies are investigated in representative soils and climatic conditions of Denmark to enhance the yield and quality of organic wheat. The agronomic practices include the use of manure, catch crops and the composition of the crop rotation. Among these, manure application was the main factor affecting yields. Model predictions indicate that wheat yield could be improved by increasing manure nitrogen.
Tipo: Newspaper or magazine article Palavras-chave: Cereals; Pulses and oilseeds Composting and manuring Crop health; Quality; Protection.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://orgprints.org/19391/4/19391.pdf
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A Binomial Tree Approach to Valuing Fixed Rotation Forests and Flexible Rotation Forests Under a Mean Reverting Timber Price Process AgEcon
Tee, James; Scarpa, Riccardo; Marsh, Dan; Guthrie, Graeme.
NPV and LEV are established and common approaches to valuing single rotation and infinite rotation forests respectively, when the rotation age is fixed in advanced. More recently, Real Options approaches have been employed to value single and infinite rotation forests with a flexible harvest age. Under a stochastic timber price process, it has been shown that the valuation of a flexible rotation forest is equal or higher than that of a fixed rotation forest, because a flexible harvest regime delays the harvest if the timber price is not favourable, whereas a fixed harvest regime would proceed to harvest regardless of the price. Often, valuation of fixed and flexible rotation ages are compared using 2 different methods – NPV (or LEV) and Real Options. The...
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: NPV; LEV; Real Options; Optimal Harvest Decision; Agribusiness; Crop Production/Industries; Environmental Economics and Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96836
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A biotecnologia e as forrageiras tropicais. Infoteca-e
VALLE, C. B. do.
bitstream/item/39155/1/A-biotecnologia-e-as-forrageiras-tropicais-Portal-Dia-de-Campo.pdf
Tipo: Artigo de divulgação na mídia (INFOTECA-E) Palavras-chave: Biotecnologia; Forrageira Tropical; Pastagem..
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.infoteca.cnptia.embrapa.br/infoteca/handle/doc/897269
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A birtokpolitika közösségi jogi problémái AgEcon
Korom, Agoston.
Megkülönböztetve egymástól a KAP és a birtokpolitikára vonatkozó közösségi jogi rendelkezéseket, arra a következtetésre jutok, hogy túlzás, illetve nem helytálló Tanka Endre megállapítása, mely szerint az uniós jog a birtokpolitikában „maga a politika”, „a tagállami jogalkotás annak végrehajtására szűkül”, és a birtokpolitikában a közösségi jog „a belső jogot csaknem kiszorítja”, hiszen a tagállam dönthet úgy, hogy semmilyen korlátozást nem léptet életbe a földpiacon, valamint a közösségi joggal összeegyeztetett igen szigorú, Tanka Endre szavaival élve értékalapú birtokpolitikát, polgári demokratikus földreformot is bevezethet. Alapelv szerint a birtokpolitikában a tőke szabad mozgásának korlátozása tilos – minden tagállam esetében –, de az Európai...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Kettős jogalap; Külföldiek tulajdonszerzése; Hatósági engedélyezés; Moratórium; Mozgástér; Dual legal basis; Land ownership of foreigners; Official permit procedures; Moratorium; Room to maneuver; Agricultural and Food Policy; Land Economics/Use.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99131
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A bizalom és függőség szerepe a családi gazdaságok együttműködésében végzett gépi munkákban AgEcon
Takacs, Istvan; Baranyai, Zsolt.
A tanulmány a családi gazdálkodók együttműködési hajlandóságát befolyásoló tényezőket vizsgálja – Békés megye egy tradicionálisan mezőgazdasági termelő térségében készült – kérdőíves felmérés és mélyinterjúk tapasztalataira alapozva. A gazdálkodói bizalom és az együttműködési hajlandóság összefüggését elemezve megállapítható, hogy az alacsony függőséget, egyben alacsony bizalmi szintet is igénylő (valójában csak tágabban annak értelmezhető) együttműködési formák (jellemzően a gépi bérszolgáltatás) elfogadottsága a jellemző. Ugyanakkor a fiatalabb generációknál az erősebb függelmi kapcsolatokkal jellemezhető (a hagyományos értelemben vett) együttműködések elfogadottsága nagyobb, amely az agrárgeneráció-váltás bekövetkeztével esélyt teremt az együttműködési...
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Bizalom; Függőség; Versenyképesség; Hatékonyság; Géphasználat; Trust; Dependence; Competitiveness; Efficiency; Machine use; Agribusiness; Institutional and Behavioral Economics; Public Economics.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/99191
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A bovine herpesvirus 5 recombinant defective in the thymidine kinase (TK) gene and a double mutant lacking TK and the glycoprotein E gene are fully attenuated for rabbits BJMBR
Silva,S.C.; Brum,M.C.S.; Weiblen,R.; Flores,E.F.; Chowdhury,S.I..
Bovine herpesvirus 5 (BoHV-5), the agent of herpetic meningoencephalitis in cattle, is an important pathogen of cattle in South America and several efforts have been made to produce safer and more effective vaccines. In the present study, we investigated in rabbits the virulence of three recombinant viruses constructed from a neurovirulent Brazilian BoHV-5 strain (SV507/99). The recombinants are defective in glycoprotein E (BoHV-5gEΔ), thymidine kinase (BoHV-5TKΔ) and both proteins (BoHV-5gEΔTKΔ). Rabbits inoculated with the parental virus (N = 8) developed neurological disease and died or were euthanized in extremis between days 7 and 13 post-infection (pi). Infectivity was detected in several areas of their brains. Three of 8 rabbits inoculated with the...
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: BoHV-5; GE and TK deletion mutants; Pathogenesis; Virulence; Vaccine candidate.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-879X2010000200005
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A Brief Review on the History, Methods and Applications of Plastination International Journal of Morphology
Pashaei,Shahyar.
Plastination is a process of preservation of anatomical specimens by a delicate method of forced impregnation with curable polymers like silicone, epoxy or polyester resins with vast applications in medical fields of study. Plastination is a technique of tissue preservation developed by Dr. Gunther von Hagens in 1977. In this process, water and lipids in biological tissues are replaced by curable polymers (silicone, epoxy, polyester) which are hardened, resulting in dry, odorless and durable specimens. In this technique it is possible for us to treat every part of the body and tissues to preserve it for educational purposes. Nowadays there are new and vast varieties of applications for plastination in the educational and cultural areas. This invention has...
Tipo: Journal article Palavras-chave: Plastination; Impregnation.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0717-95022010000400014
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A Case Control Study of Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus (BVDV) Persistent Infection (PI) in Betsukai, Hokkaido, Japan OAK
KADOHIRA, Mutsuyo; TAJIMA, Motoshi; 門平, 睦代.
The Betsukai town office implemented bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) preventive activities (i.e., vaccination and surveillance) in 2006. Using bulk tank milk screening followed by individual blood tests using a Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) method, persistent infection (PI) cattle were detected and eliminated from the population. Based on data for PI cattle detected between 2006 and 2007, we conducted a case control study to find risk factors associated with the presence of PI cattle. Significantly associated farm level factors for increasing risk of producing PI cattle include; 1) no recent purchase of cattle (between 2004 and 2007) and 2) no prevention of people/animals entering the premises. This study suggests that not...
Palavras-chave: Biosecurity; BVDV infection; Case control study; Hokkaido/Japan.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://ir.obihiro.ac.jp/dspace/handle/10322/4126
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A case for re-inventory of Australia’s plant pathogens Naturalis
Hyde, K.D.; Chomnunti, P.; Crous, P.W.; Groenewald, J.Z.; Damm, U.; Ko Ko, T.W.; Shivas, R.G.; Summerell, B.A.; Tan, Y.P..
Several filamentous oomycete species of the genus Halophytophthora have recently been described from marine environments, mostly from subtropical and tropical ecosystems. During a survey of oomycetes from leaf litter of Spartina alterniflora in salt marshes of southeastern Georgia, isolates of four taxa were recovered that bore similarity to some members of Halophytophthora but were highly divergent from isolates of Halophytophthora s.str. based on a combined sequence analysis of two nuclear loci. In phylogenetic analyses, these isolates were placed basal to a monophyletic group comprised of Pythium of the Pythiaceae and the Peronosporaceae. Sequence and morphology of these taxa diverged from the type species Halophytophthora vesicula, which was placed...
Tipo: Article / Letter to the editor Palavras-chave: Internal transcribed spacer; Nuclear ribosomal large subunit (nrLSU); Peronosporales; Phylogeny; Pythiaceae.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.repository.naturalis.nl/record/532294
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A case of mosaicism in the germinal line of Odontophrynus americanus (Dùmeril et Bibron. 1841) JBAG
Salas,Nancy; Martino,Adolfo.
The cytogenetic studies have special importance in the zoological research because by means of karyotype analysis they contribute to the identifi cation of different entities, facilitate the evaluation of the proximity or relationship degree among certain species and fi nally they contribute with fundamental data to the phylogenetic assessment (Schmid et al., 1985; Zampieri et al., 2004). The occurrence of polyploidy in different anuran families that appear as cryptic species highlights the importance of the cytogenetic study at the population level (Valetti et al., 2009).
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Mosaicism; Odontophrynus americanus.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.org.ar/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1852-62332010000100008
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A Case Study of an NGOs Ecotourism Efforts: Findings Based on a Survey of Visitors to its Tropical Nature Reserve AgEcon
Tisdell, Clement A..
This article outlines the efforts of a small NGO, the Mareeba Wetland Foundation, to conserve nature and conduct tourism at its Mareeba Tropical Savanna Wetland Reserve in northern Queensland. It provides background about the establishment of the reserve and its nature and draws on the results from a survey of visitors to this reserve. It provides a socio-economic profile of visitors, their frequency of visits to it and their knowledge of it prior to visiting. This knowledge is found, on the whole, to be poor. The way in which visitors decided to visit the reserve is also considered as are indicators of the economic surplus obtained from visits. Because for most visitors their visit was an experiential good, doubts are raised about the traditional method...
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Conservation NGOs; Consumers’ surplus; Ecotourism; Experiential goods; Mareeba Tropical Savanna and Wetland Reserve; Mareeba Wetlands Foundation; National parks; Public economics; Environmental Economics and Policy; Public Economics; Q2; Q5; L83; H30.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/93403
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A Case Study of Fall versus Spring Calving for the Rocky Mountain West AgEcon
Strauch, Brian A.; Peck, Dannele E.; Held, Larry J..
Feeder cattle prices are generally lower in the fall, when the volume of calves for sale is highest. Most ranches in the Rocky Mountains calve in March or April, which results in the sale of weaned calves in October, when feeder cattle prices tend to be lowest. This study was initiated with the idea that a rancher might improve profitability by switching to fall calving, which would enable them to sell calves in April at a higher price. In this study, fall calving generated both higher and less variable profit, but mainly because of cost savings.
Tipo: Journal Article Palavras-chave: Livestock Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/96372
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A Case Study of Regulation in Zambia’s Cotton Sector. AgEcon
Tschirley, David L.; Kabwe, Stephen.
Cotton is an unquestioned success of Zambia’s turn towards a market economy. After privatization in late 1994, seed cotton production rose from 32,000 metric tons (mt) to about 180,000 mt a decade later (three-year averages centered on 1994 and 2005). The number of farmers involved in the sector grew similarly, yields trended upwards (though slowly), and the country dramatically improved the quality of its lint, becoming the outstanding performer in Sub-Saharan Africa in this regard by the mid-2000s. Yet the sector has experienced two serious crashes since reform, both involving rampant credit default by farmers supported with seasonal input credit by ginning companies.
Tipo: Working or Discussion Paper Palavras-chave: Zambia; Cotton; Africa; Agribusiness; Agricultural and Food Policy; Agricultural Finance; Community/Rural/Urban Development; Food Security and Poverty; International Development; Q10; Q11; Q12.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/62145
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A catalogue of the Pseudomyrmecinae ants type specimens (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil Pap. Avulsos de Zool. (São Paulo)
Brandão,Carlos Roberto F.; Esteves,Flávia A.; Prado,Lívia P..
This catalogue lists the type specimens of 37 species of Pseudomyrmecinae ants deposited in the Hymenoptera Formicidae collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, which holds types of the only two genera that occur in the Neotropics, Pseudomyrmex Lund and Myrcidris Ward. We record the label information, condition of the specimens, nomenclatural changes, type status, and provide an index of the listed taxa.
Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article Palavras-chave: Hymenoptera; Formicidae; Ants; Types; MZUSP; Pseudomyrmecinae; Myrcidris; Pseudomyrmex.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0031-10492010004500001
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A Cautionary Note on Individual Transferable Quotas Ecology and Society
Sumaila, U. Rashid; UBC Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia; r.sumaila@fisheries.ubc.ca.
Individual transferable quotas (ITQs) are a type of catch share system, which is a tool used by some governments to manage fisheries. Technical reasons for taking a rather cautious approach to the implementation of ITQs have been provided previously. In the current contribution, I first highlight the strengths and weaknesses of ITQs and then provide suggestions on how to design and implement these quotas to mitigate their weaknesses. ITQs need to be designed carefully as part of a broad ecosystem-based management scheme to meet the three generally accepted objectives of modern fisheries management: ecological, economic, and social sustainability.
Tipo: Peer-Reviewed Reports Palavras-chave: Catch shares; Ecological sustainability; Economic sustainability; Economic efficiency; Exclusive and transferable rights; Ecosystem-based fisheries management; Fisheries; Individual transferable quotas; ITQs; Social sustainability.
Ano: 2010
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A century of crop yield density estimation with perspectives AgEcon
Pujula, Aude Liliana; Maradiaga, David Isaias; Zapata, Hector O.; Dicks, Michael R..
Tipo: Conference Paper or Presentation Palavras-chave: Crop Production/Industries.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://purl.umn.edu/61909
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A century of revolution insurgent and counterinsurgent violence during Latin America's long cold war Buscador Latinoamericano
ed. por Grey Grandin; Gilbert M. Joseph.
Tipo: Text Palavras-chave: HISTORIA; REVOLUCIONES; TERRORISMO; SIGLO XX.
Ano: 2010 URL: http://www.flacso.org.ec/biblio/shared/biblio_view.php?bibid=122845&tab=opac&oai:flacso.org.ec:122845
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